AI governance

Current understanding

Federal rules, executive actions, and legislation governing AI development and deployment.

Evidence log

• 2025-01-13 — To amend the Communications Act of 1934 to establish technical and procedural standards for artificial or prerecorded voice systems created through generative artificial intelligence, and for other purposes.: 2025 — HR334 introduced, would amend the Communications Act of 1934 to authorize the FCC to set technical and procedural standards (caller identification and 5-second line release) for generative-AI-produced prerecorded voice systems, extending TCPA-style telephone consumer rules into the generative-AI voice context. (novelty: 2)
• 2026-04-27 — A bill to require a report on the use of artificial intelligence with respect to access to unminimized information collected pursuant to the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978, and for other purposes.: 2026 — S.4402 introduced, would require a report on the use of artificial intelligence to access unminimized information collected under FISA, extending AI governance into intelligence-community query and minimization oversight. (novelty: 3)
• 2025-02-26 — Strengthening Exports Against China Act: 2026 — Strengthening Exports Against China Act introduced, would exclude EXIM Bank financing under the China and Transformational Exports Program (which covers AI, semiconductors, quantum, and other emerging tech) and financing that competes with Entity List/OFAC-sanctioned foreign suppliers from the statutory 2% default-rate cap — extending AI/emerging-tech governance into export-credit risk policy. (novelty: 3)
• 2023-12-13 — Kids Online Safety Act: 2025-12-11 — Kids Online Safety Act (HR6484) advanced from subcommittee with a duty-of-care and algorithm transparency/opt-out framework, adding a minors-focused platform-design track to the 119th Congress AI/platform governance pipeline. (novelty: 3)
• 2025-03-11 — Emerging Innovative Border Technologies Act: 2025 — Emerging Innovative Border Technologies Act (HR993) introduced, would require CBP and DHS S&T to deliver a plan and establish Innovation Teams for identifying and deploying emerging technologies including AI, ML, and advanced sensors for border security, with congressional reporting on adoption metrics and privacy impacts on border communities — extending federal AI governance into structured CBP emerging-tech acquisition. (novelty: 2)
• 2023-02-17 — Water Quality and Environmental Innovation Act: 2026 — Water Quality and Environmental Innovation Act introduced, would establish an EPA-administered fund (financed by Motor Vehicle and Engine Compliance Program fees) for grants and contracts on emerging-technology projects including AI addressing water-quality threats through FY2028, extending federal AI governance into environmental-application grantmaking. (novelty: 3)
• 2026-03-12 — AI-Ready Bio-Data Standards Act: 2026-03-12 — AI-Ready Bio-Data Standards Act (S4069) introduced and referred to Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation, extending the 119th Congress AI governance pipeline into standards-setting for AI-ready biological data infrastructure. (novelty: 3)
• 2026-07-22 — Responsible Artificial Intelligence for Veterans Act of 2026: 2026 — Responsible Artificial Intelligence for Veterans Act of 2026 (HR9862) introduced and referred to House Veterans’ Affairs, adding a veterans-sector responsible-AI framework to the 119th Congress AI governance pipeline. (novelty: 3)
• 2026-06-24 — Aging with Artificial Intelligence Act of 2026: 2026 — Aging with Artificial Intelligence Act of 2026 (S4916) introduced and referred to Senate HELP Committee, adding an aging-population-focused AI policy framing to the 119th Congress AI governance pipeline. (novelty: 3)
• 2026-07-21 — Secure A.I. Development Act of 2026: 2026-07-21 — Secure A.I. Development Act of 2026 (S5061) introduced in the Senate and referred to Commerce, Science, and Transportation, adding a secure-development-focused entry to the 119th Congress AI governance pipeline (text not yet available). (novelty: 3)
• 2026-05-21 — FARM AI Act of 2026: 2026 — FARM AI Act of 2026 (S4627) introduced in the Senate and referred to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, adding an agriculture-sector AI policy framework to the 119th Congress AI governance pipeline (text not yet available). (novelty: 3)
• 2026-04-30 — AI OVERWATCH Act: 2026 — AI OVERWATCH Act (S4456) introduced in the Senate and referred to Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, adding a Senate companion to HR6875 in the 119th Congress AI oversight pipeline (operative text not yet available). (novelty: 2)
• 2026-07-28 — A bill to establish protections for minors who use companion artificial intelligence chatbots, and for other purposes.: 2026 — S5154 introduced, would establish federal protections for minors who use companion AI chatbots, adding a child-safety-focused entry to the growing 119th Congress chatbot-specific AI governance pipeline (alongside HR9619, HR9757, S5117). (novelty: 3)
• 2026-05-19 — Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services of the Department of Health and Human Services relating to “Medicare Program; Implementation of Prior Authorization for Select Services for the Wasteful and Inappropriate Services Reduction (WISeR) Model”.: 2025 — CRA joint resolution introduced to nullify the CMS WISeR Model rule mandating AI-assisted Medicare prior authorization by shared-savings third-party contractors, marking an early legislative-veto attempt on federal AI-in-benefits-adjudication policy. (novelty: 3)
• 2026-04-22 — Deterring American AI Model Theft Act of 2026: 2026 — Deterring American AI Model Theft Act of 2026 (HR8283) ordered reported amended by a unanimous 43-0 committee vote, advancing a dedicated federal framework to deter theft of U.S. AI models within the 119th Congress AI governance pipeline. (novelty: 3) (novelty: 3)
• 2026-04-29 — CREATE AI Act: 2025 — CREATE AI Act (S4441, 119th Congress) introduced in the Senate as a companion to HR2385, read twice and referred to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, advancing bicameral consideration of permanent NAIRR authorization. (novelty: 3)
• 2026-06-24 — Unleashing AI Innovation in Financial Services Act: 2026 — Unleashing AI Innovation in Financial Services Act introduced, would mandate AI innovation labs (regulatory sandboxes) at federal financial regulators enabling waived/modified rules for agency-approved AI test projects with alternative compliance strategies and injunctive backstops — extending AI governance into a sector-specific sandbox framework for financial services. (novelty: 3)
• 2026-07-23 — A bill to establish consumer transparency and protection requirements for artificial intelligence chatbots, and for other purposes.: 2026-07-23 — S5117 introduced, would establish consumer transparency and protection requirements for AI chatbots, adding a Senate companion to House chatbot-specific bills (HR9619, HR9757) in the 119th Congress AI consumer-protection pipeline. (novelty: 3)
• 2026-07-23 — A bill to establish the applicability of antitrust laws to the sharing of artificial intelligence frontier model risks, and for other purposes.: 2026 — S5105 introduced, would clarify antitrust treatment of AI frontier-model risk-sharing among developers, adding an antitrust/competition-policy dimension to the 119th Congress frontier-AI governance pipeline. (novelty: 3)
• 2026-07-23 — To provide for Federal oversight of the development and deployment of frontier artificial intelligence in interstate and foreign commerce, and for other purposes.: 2026 — HR9925 introduced, would establish federal oversight of frontier AI development and deployment in interstate and foreign commerce, adding a frontier-model-specific oversight track to the 119th Congress AI governance pipeline. (novelty: 3)
• 2026-07-23 — To enable the Department of Labor to promote the necessity of artificial intelligence to safeguard the welfare and job security of apprentices.: 2026 — HR9907 introduced, would direct the Department of Labor to promote artificial intelligence as a means to safeguard the welfare and job security of apprentices, extending federal AI governance framing into apprenticeship workforce policy. (novelty: 2)
• 2026-06-08 — Responsible Artificial Intelligence Defense Act of 2026: 2026 — Responsible Artificial Intelligence Defense Act of 2026 (S4707) introduced and referred to Senate Armed Services Committee, adding a defense-sector responsible-AI framework to the 119th Congress AI governance pipeline (text not yet available). (novelty: 3)
• 2026-07-16 — A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services of the Department of Health and Human Services relating to “Medicare Program; Implementation of Prior Authorization for Select Services for the Wasteful and Inappropriate Services Reduction (WISeR) Model”.: 2025 — Senate joint resolution to disapprove the CMS WISeR Model rule (which mandates AI-assisted prior authorization by third-party contractors for select Medicare services in six states, with savings-based contractor payment) failed 46–50, leaving the model in effect and marking an early CRA vote on federal AI-in-benefits-adjudication policy. (novelty: 3)
• 2026-07-16 — Nucleic Acid Standards for Biosecurity Act: 2025 — Nucleic Acid Standards for Biosecurity Act (HR3029) introduced, would codify NIST work directed by the 2023 AI executive order into statute and explicitly cover AI-related risks in engineering biology and biomanufacturing alongside nucleic acid synthesis screening standards — extending federal AI governance into the AI-bio risk interface. (novelty: 3) (novelty: 3)
• 2026-07-16 — To establish requirements and guidelines for conversational AI services, and for other purposes.: 2026 — HR9757 introduced, would establish federal requirements and guidelines specifically for conversational AI services, adding a conversational-AI-specific track alongside horizontal AI oversight bills in the 119th Congress pipeline. (novelty: 3) (novelty: 3)
• 2025-03-25 — DOE and NSF Interagency Research Act: 2026 — DOE–NSF Interagency Research Act would authorize a DOE–NSF memorandum of understanding for cross-cutting R&D covering artificial intelligence, multi-agency data sharing, research infrastructure, and education and training, with joint reporting to Congress — extending federal AI governance into formalized inter-agency science coordination. (novelty: 2) (novelty: 2)
• 2026-01-26 — AI–WISE Act: 2025 — AI–WISE Act (HR5784) advanced to Senate referral, would task the SBA with publishing AI education modules and forming an advisory working group on AI risks for small businesses — extending federal AI governance into small business capacity-building. (novelty: 2)
• 2026-07-14 — Enhanced Favorable Treatment for the United Arab Emirates Under the Export Administration Regulations: 2025 — BIS final rule reclassifies the UAE from EAR Country Groups D:3/D:4 to A:5 and expands license exceptions (including Strategic Trade Authorization) for military, satellite, dual-use, and advanced-computing items, implementing the May 2025 U.S.-UAE AI Cooperation framework and extending U.S. AI governance into bilateral export-control alignment. (novelty: 3) (novelty: 3)
• 2025-11-18 — PILLAR Act: 2026 — PILLAR Act introduced, would extend the State and Local Cybersecurity Grant Program through FY2035 and expand eligible systems to operational technology and AI systems maintained by state, local, and tribal governments, with CISA-alignment purchase restrictions, increased federal cost share for MFA/identity tools, and a GAO AI-adoption review — extending federal AI governance into subnational cybersecurity grant conditions. (novelty: 3)
• 2026-07-09 — To require artificial intelligence chatbot providers to provide data privacy and security, and for other purposes.: 2026 — HR9619 introduced, would impose data privacy and security requirements on AI chatbot providers, extending federal AI governance to a chatbot-specific consumer protection regime. (novelty: 3)
• 2026-07-09 — Accelerating Innovation (AI) for Kids with Cancer Act: 2026 — Accelerating Innovation (AI) for Kids with Cancer Act (HR9632) introduced and referred to House Energy and Commerce Committee, extending AI governance into targeted federal support for pediatric cancer research and innovation. (novelty: 3) (novelty: 3)
• 2026-06-30 — To establish a pilot program for use by U.S. Customs and Border Protection at land ports of entry along the Arizona border to assess the use of artificial intelligence through an anomaly detection algorithm, and for other purposes.: 2025 — HR9566 introduced, would establish a CBP pilot program at Arizona land ports of entry to assess AI anomaly detection algorithms, extending federal AI governance into border inspection operations. (novelty: 3)
• 2026-06-08 — Artificial Intelligence Environmental Impacts Act of 2026: 2026 — Artificial Intelligence Environmental Impacts Act of 2026 (HR9183) referred to House Science and Energy & Commerce Committees, extending federal AI governance to explicit environmental-impact oversight of AI systems. (novelty: 3)
• 2025-02-12 — United States-Israel Defense Partnership Act of 2025: 2025 — United States-Israel Defense Partnership Act of 2025 introduced, would authorize joint U.S.-Israel AI/robotics RDT&E, establish a DIU office in Israel, and create joint counter-unmanned systems programs — extending AI governance into bilateral defense-technology cooperation and allied industrial-base engagement. (novelty: 3)
• 2025-06-25 — Algorithmic Accountability Act of 2025: 2025 — Algorithmic Accountability Act of 2025 (S2164) introduced and referred to Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee, proposing accountability and impact-assessment requirements for automated decision systems as a horizontal AI oversight framework. (novelty: 3) (novelty: 3)
• 2017-03-07 — VISA Act of 2017: 2017 — VISA Act of 2017 introduced, would require social media background checks, in-person interviews for applicants aged 11+, and deployment of analytics software to detect fraud and national security threats across all visa and immigration benefit applications — extending algorithmic/analytics vetting into immigration adjudication. (novelty: 2)
• 2025-12-18 — National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026: 2025 — National Defense Authorization Act for FY2026 (P.L. 119-60) enacted, setting new DOD policy on cybersecurity and AI alongside standard defense authorizations — continuing the NDAA’s role as an annual vehicle for incremental defense-sector AI governance provisions. (novelty: 2)
• 2026-05-14 — Federal Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Act of 2026: 2026 — Federal Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Act of 2026 (HR8819) introduced and referred to House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, adding another AI risk-management proposal to the 119th Congress pipeline. (novelty: 2)
• 2026-06-25 — AI Security and Innovation Act: 2026 — AI Security and Innovation Act (HR9363) ordered reported out of committee by a unanimous 29-0 vote, advancing another AI security-focused bill through the 119th Congress’s growing pipeline of committee-approved AI governance legislation. (novelty: 3) (novelty: 3)
• 2025-09-16 — Modernizing All Veterans and Survivors: 2025 — Modernizing All Veterans and Survivors Act (HR3854) introduced, would require the VA to deploy automation tools for pension and survivor benefits claims processing, including automated record retrieval, decision support, and correspondence generation — extending federal AI/automation governance into veterans benefits administration. (novelty: 2)
• 2025-10-09 — Right to Override Act: 2026 — Right to Override Act (S2997) introduced, would guarantee healthcare clinicians a statutory right to override AI clinical decision support systems with anti-retaliation protections enforced by HHS and DOL — a novel intersection of AI governance, healthcare workforce, and labor law. (novelty: 4)
• 2025-11-20 — Generative AI Terrorism Risk Assessment Act: 2025 — Generative AI Terrorism Risk Assessment Act (HR1736) introduced, would require DHS to periodically assess and report to Congress on terrorism threats posed by generative AI while mandating fusion center and federal agency information sharing — extending AI governance into homeland security risk assessment. (novelty: 3) (novelty: 3)
• 2026-06-25 — NSF AI Education Act of 2025: 2026-06 — NSF AI Education Act of 2025 (HR5351) ordered reported as amended by House committee on a unanimous 33-0 vote, advancing NSF-administered AI education and workforce programs as part of the federal AI capacity-building pipeline. (novelty: 2)
• 2026-07-07 — Protecting Consumers from Deceptive AI Act: 2026 — Protecting Consumers from Deceptive AI Act (HR8893) ordered reported out of committee by a unanimous 35-0 vote, advancing federal legislation targeting deceptive AI practices in consumer contexts. (novelty: 3)
• 2026-06-25 — CREATE AI Act of 2025: 2025-03 — CREATE AI Act of 2025 (HR2385) would establish NAIRR as a permanent NSF-administered program operated by a competitively selected nongovernmental entity, providing U.S. researchers, educators, and students with access to AI compute, data, and tools. (novelty: 3)
• 2026-06-25 — Workforce for AI Trust Act: 2026 — Workforce for AI Trust Act (HR9334) ordered reported as amended by House committee on a unanimous 35-0 vote, advancing federal legislation to build an AI trust workforce as part of the broader AI governance capacity-building pipeline. (novelty: 3)
• 2026-06-25 — AI-Ready Federal Data Guidelines Act: 2026 — AI-Ready Federal Data Guidelines Act (HR9341) ordered reported as amended by House committee on a unanimous 29-0 vote, advancing federal guidelines for making agency data AI-ready as part of the broader AI governance pipeline. (novelty: 2)
• 2026-06-25 — AI Flaw Reporting and Security Enhancement Act: 2026 — AI Flaw Reporting and Security Enhancement Act (HR9333) ordered reported by House committee on a unanimous 35-0 vote, advancing mandatory AI vulnerability disclosure requirements as a new federal AI governance mechanism. (novelty: 3)
• 2026-06-18 — No Robot Bosses Act: 2026-06 — No Robot Bosses Act (S4833) introduced and referred to Senate HELP Committee, proposing federal regulation of automated systems used in employment decisions and extending AI governance into workplace/employer use cases. (novelty: 3) (novelty: 3)
• 2026-06-24 — Small Business Technological Advancement Act: 2026 — Small Business Technological Advancement Act introduced, authorizing SBA 7(a) loans to finance business software, cloud computing, and AI-based tools — extending federal small business credit policy to explicitly cover AI service acquisition. (novelty: 2) (novelty: 2)
• 2026-06-23 — Cisco Systems, Inc. v. Doe: Supreme Court decided Cisco Systems, Inc. v. Doe, holding federal courts may not create new ATS causes of action and that the TVPA does not support aiding-and-abetting liability — closing a major avenue of corporate human rights liability for tech firms whose products are alleged to enable foreign surveillance or repression. (novelty: 4)
• 2026-03-26 — AI Foundation Model Transparency Act of 2026: 2026 — AI Foundation Model Transparency Act of 2026 (HR8094) introduced and referred to the House Committee on Energy and Commerce, proposing transparency requirements for AI foundation model developers. (novelty: 3)
• 2026-01-21 — AI OVERWATCH Act: 2026 — AI OVERWATCH Act (HR6875) ordered reported out of committee by a 42-2 bipartisan vote, advancing federal AI oversight legislation in the 119th Congress. (novelty: 3)
• 2026-06-24 — ICTS Supply Chain Security Act of 2026: 2026 — ICTS Supply Chain Security Act of 2026 (S4882) introduced and referred to Senate Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Committee, extending AI/tech governance attention to information and communications technology supply chain security. (novelty: 2)
• 2026-06-29 — Trump v. Slaughter: Supreme Court decided Trump v. Slaughter on the President’s authority to remove FTC Commissioners without cause, testing Humphrey’s Executor and the independence of multi-member commissions that shape tech antitrust, platform, and AI-adjacent regulation. (novelty: 5)
• 2026-06-17 — General Services Acquisition Regulation; Acquisition of Information and Communication Technology; Notice of Listening Sessions and Request for Comments: 2026 — GSA opened listening sessions and request for comments on a draft GSAR clause requiring basic data safeguarding standards for Large Language Model AI systems in federal acquisitions, extending AI governance into federal procurement rules. (novelty: 3) (novelty: 3)
• 2024-09-16 — Protect America’s Innovation and Economic Security from CCP Act of 2024: HR1398 (Protect America’s Innovation and Economic Security from CCP Act) introduced, would reestablish the DOJ China Initiative as the ‘CCP Initiative’ in the National Security Division to counter PRC-linked espionage, trade secret theft, hacking, and critical infrastructure threats — adjacent to AI/tech governance via research security and cyber enforcement. (novelty: 3) (novelty: 3)
• 2026-02-13 — AI Workforce Training Act: 2026 — AI Workforce Training Act (HR7576) introduced and referred to House Committee on Ways and Means, proposing tax-based incentives or programs to support AI workforce training. (novelty: 2)
• 2026-03-05 — Data Center Community Impact Act: 2026-03 — Data Center Community Impact Act (HR7858) introduced and referred to House Energy and Commerce Committee, extending AI-adjacent policy attention to the community-level footprint of data center infrastructure. (novelty: 2) (novelty: 2)
• 2026-02-09 — AI Grand Challenges Act of 2026: AI Grand Challenges Act of 2026 (HR7434) referred to House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, proposing grand challenge competitions to advance AI — a second 2026 bill (alongside the OSTP prize competition amendment) using competition-based instruments as an AI policy lever. (novelty: 2)
• 2025-05-15 — AI Whistleblower Protection Act: AI Whistleblower Protection Act (HR3460) introduced and referred to House Committee on Education and Workforce, proposing to extend federal whistleblower protections to workers reporting AI-related concerns. (novelty: 2)
• 2026-04-22 — Full AI Stack Export Promotion Act: 2026 — Full AI Stack Export Promotion Act (HR6996) ordered reported by House committee on a strong bipartisan vote, advancing a framework to promote U.S. AI technology stack exports and linking AI governance to trade/export policy. (novelty: 3)
• 2026-05-22 — Integrating Financial Technology Innovation Into Regulatory Frameworks: Executive document directs integration of financial technology innovation into existing regulatory frameworks, signaling an executive-branch push to accommodate fintech within current regulatory structures rather than create new ones. (novelty: 2)
• 2026-07-01 — AI Tax Integrity Act of 2026: 2026 — AI Tax Integrity Act of 2026 (HR9501) ordered reported by House Ways and Means Committee on a unanimous 40-0 vote, extending AI-specific integrity requirements into federal tax administration. (novelty: 3)
• 2026-06-05 — Promoting Advanced Artificial Intelligence Innovation and Security: Executive order ‘Promoting Advanced Artificial Intelligence Innovation and Security’ directs federal action to accelerate AI innovation while addressing associated security concerns, signaling continued executive-branch AI policy direction. (novelty: 3)
• 2026-06-17 — Medical Devices; Radiology Devices; Classification of the Radiological Machine Learning-Based Quantitative Imaging Software With Predetermined Change Control Plan: FDA final rule classifies radiological ML-based quantitative imaging software with a Predetermined Change Control Plan as Class II devices subject to special controls, creating the first formal regulatory pathway for iteratively updated AI imaging software. (novelty: 3) (novelty: 3)
• 2026-06-30 — National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2027: FY2027 NDAA introduced, including cybersecurity/AI policy provisions alongside standard DOD authorization, foreign military sales demand forecasting, and expedited qualification of strategic materials sources. (novelty: 2)
• 2026-06-24 — NO FAKES Act of 2026: 2026 — NO FAKES Act of 2026 introduced, proposing a first-of-its-kind federal IP right against unauthorized AI-generated voice and likeness replicas, with civil liability, notice-and-takedown, and preemption of most state laws. (novelty: 4) (novelty: 4)
• 2026-06-29 — To amend the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 to require the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy to establish a prize competition program relating to artificial intelligence, and for other purposes.: Bill introduced to amend the National AI Initiative Act of 2020, directing the OSTP Director to establish an AI-focused prize competition program. (novelty: 2)
• 2026-03-20 — Land Grant Research Prioritization Act of 2026: 2026 — Land Grant Research Prioritization Act of 2026 (HR7734) introduced, would add AI applications for specialty crops to USDA high-priority research and extension grant areas at land-grant universities. (novelty: 2) (novelty: 2)
• 2026-06-04 — Ultimate Human Responsibility in Defense Systems Act of 2026: 2026 — Ultimate Human Responsibility in Defense Systems Act of 2026 introduced and referred to Senate Armed Services Committee, proposing to mandate human accountability in military defense AI systems. (novelty: 2)
• 2025-03-26 — CREATE AI Act of 2025: 2025-03 — CREATE AI Act of 2025 (HR2385) introduced and referred to House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, proposing federal support for AI research and education infrastructure. (novelty: 3) (novelty: 3)
• 2026-06-25 — AI Incident Reporting Act: HR9477 (AI Incident Reporting Act) introduced and referred to House Energy and Commerce Committee, proposing a mandatory federal AI incident reporting regime. (novelty: 3)

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