Protecting America’s Agricultural Land from Foreign Harm Act of 2025

Current understanding

Introduced legislation that would prohibit persons owned, controlled, or directed by the governments of China, Russia, Iran, or North Korea from purchasing or leasing U.S. public or private agricultural land, and would bar such persons from participating in most USDA programs. The bill also expands Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act (AFIDA) reporting to cover security interests and leases, tightening existing disclosure requirements. Status: introduced; effects on farmers would include narrowed pools of potential land buyers/lessees and program partners tied to covered adversary governments, with limited direct consumer or food-price impact expected.

Evidence log

• 2026-05-07 — Protecting U.S. Farmland and Sensitive Sites From Foreign Adversaries Act: cross-connection with protecting-us-farmland-sensitive-sites-foreign-adversaries-act: Companion legislative approach restricting foreign-adversary ownership of U.S. agricultural land, part of the same cluster of adversary-focused bills. (novelty: 2)
• 2025-03-12 — SOIL Act of 2025: cross-connection with soil-act-2025: Both bills expand AFIDA reporting to leases and restrict USDA program access for covered foreign holdings; SOIL Act adds CFIUS review and China/Russia-focused public reporting. (novelty: 3)
• 2025-03-06 — PASS Act: cross-connection with pass-act-foreign-ag-land-cfius: Parallel proposals restricting China/Russia/Iran/North Korea-linked persons from acquiring U.S. agricultural land; PASS Act narrows the geographic trigger to proximity to sensitive military/national-security sites while the Foreign Harm Act broadly bars covered-country acquisition and USDA program access. (novelty: 3)
• 2025-02-18 — Protecting America’s Agricultural Land from Foreign Harm Act of 2025: cross-connection with farm-act-cfius-agriculture: Both bills target foreign (particularly adversary-nation) involvement in U.S. agriculture — this bill uses outright purchase/lease and USDA program bars, while the FARM Act layers CFIUS national-security review onto agricultural investments. (novelty: 3)

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