ADVERSARIES Act (HR6331)
Current understanding
HR6331, the ADVERSARIES Act, is a House bill addressing trade and/or export-control measures directed at foreign adversaries. On April 22, 2026, the committee of jurisdiction ordered the bill reported in the nature of a substitute by a unanimous 44-0 vote, indicating bipartisan committee-level support and a revised substitute text now advancing to the House floor. Substantive provisions — including covered adversary jurisdictions, restricted items or transactions, and effects on importers, exporters, and consumer prices — have not yet been characterized from the substitute text.
Evidence log
- 2025-03-11 — Decoupling from Foreign Adversarial Battery Dependence Act: cross-connection with decoupling-foreign-adversarial-battery-dependence-act: Both are 119th Congress vehicles targeting foreign-adversary supply chain exposure; the Decoupling Act operates via DHS procurement prohibition on named Chinese battery makers while the ADVERSARIES Act works through export-control authorities. (novelty: 2)
- 2026-02-24 — ACERO Act: cross-connection with acero-act-wildfire-uas: Shared China-linked entity procurement bar aligns ACERO’s NASA UAS acquisitions with broader adversary-country sourcing restrictions on federal technology purchases. (novelty: 3)
- 2026-05-11 — Connected Vehicle Security Act of 2026: cross-connection with connected-vehicle-security-trade: Overlapping concern with restricting adversary-nation technology in U.S. supply chains, including automotive electronics. (novelty: 3)
- 2026-06-18 — China Exchange Rate Accountability Act of 2026: Cross-reference: HR8290 (China Exchange Rate Accountability Act of 2026) is a parallel 119th Congress vehicle targeting China through currency/exchange-rate accountability rather than export controls; advanced to the Union Calendar. (novelty: 2)
- 2025-12-09 — Tracking and Restricting Adversarial Circumvention of Embargoes Act of 2025: cross-connection with trace-act-adversarial-embargo-circumvention: Both bills focus on countering foreign adversary evasion of U.S. trade restrictions; ADVERSARIES Act (HR6331) targets export controls broadly while TRACE Act (S3390) specifically addresses embargo circumvention tracking. (novelty: 2)
- 2026-06-24 — ICTS Supply Chain Security Act of 2026: cross-connection with icts-supply-chain-security-act-s4882: Both proposals concern controls on technology flows tied to foreign adversary risk, with S4882 focused specifically on the ICT supply chain. (novelty: 2)
- 2024-09-16 — Protect America’s Innovation and Economic Security from CCP Act of 2024: cross-connection with protect-america-innovation-ccp-act: Both address Chinese adversary threats but through different instruments — HR1398 via DOJ criminal enforcement of espionage/trade-secret theft, HR6331 via export/trade controls. (novelty: 3)
- 2026-04-22 — Export Control Enforcement and Enhancement Act: cross-connection with export-control-enforcement-enhancement-act: Both HR8169 and HR6331 (ADVERSARIES Act) cleared committee by identical 44-0 votes in the 119th Congress, indicating bipartisan momentum on export control enforcement legislation. (novelty: 2)
- 2025-03-14 — Stop CCP VISAs Act of 2025: Cross-reference: HR2147 (Stop CCP VISAs Act) is a parallel 119th Congress vehicle targeting CCP-affiliated individuals via visa restrictions rather than export controls; still at referral to House Judiciary with no substantive text analyzed. (novelty: 2)
- 2026-04-22 — ADVERSARIES Act: cross-connection with strategic-export-controls-border-security: Both HR6331 (ADVERSARIES Act) and HR8689 (Strategic Export Controls and Border Security Enhancement Act) are 119th Congress vehicles targeting export controls vis-à-vis foreign adversaries; HR6331 has advanced further, cleared out of committee 44-0 as a substitute, while HR8689 remains at referral. (novelty: 2)